Deep Learning in Indonesian EFL Classrooms: Supporting Students’ Readiness for the English TKA

Authors

  • Ririn Ariyani Saputri Universitas Persatuan Guru Republik Indonesia, Semarang, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24090/16kqee81

Keywords:

deep learning pedagogy, EFL classrooms, English TKA, student learning experiences, Indonesian secondary education

Abstract

The English Academic Achievement Test (Tes Kemampuan Akademik/TKA) in Indonesia requires students to demonstrate higher-order thinking skills, including interpreting texts, drawing inferences, and evaluating information. This raises questions about whether classroom practices adequately support students’ readiness for such cognitively demanding assessments. While deep learning pedagogy has been widely recognized for promoting inquiry, collaboration, and reflective learning, its role in supporting students’ readiness for the English TKA in Indonesian EFL contexts remains underexplored. This study examines how deep learning practices support high school students’ readiness for the English TKA. The research was conducted with Grade XII students at a senior high school in Semarang where deep learning pedagogy has been implemented over several years. A mixed-methods design was employed. Quantitative data were collected using the Student Perception of Deep Learning Implementation Scale (SP-DLI), measuring learning partnerships, learning environments, digital tool integration, and pedagogical practices. These data were complemented by semi-structured interviews exploring students’ learning experiences and strategies in understanding complex English texts. Collaborative discussions, inquiry-based reading, and project-based learning play a significant role in supporting students’ readiness to meet the analytical demands of the English TKA. Meaningful learning experiences appear to play an important role in helping students develop the analytical and interpretive competencies required in contemporary English assessments. 

References

Agustina, L., & Ro’isatin, U. A. (2024). The efficacy of case-based learning model integrated with critical thinking skills to improve EFL learners’ reading comprehension. Journal of Languages and Language Teaching, 12(3). https://doi.org/10.33394/jollt.v12i3.11619

Care, E., Kim, H., Vista, A., & Anderson, K. (2018). Education system alignment for 21st century skills: Focus on assessment. Brookings Institution. https://www.brookings.edu/articles/education-system-alignment-for-21st-century-skills-focus-on-assessment/

Damaianti, V. S., Abidin, Y., & Rahma, R. (2020). Higher order thinking skills-based reading literacy assessment instrument: An Indonesian context. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 10(2), 513–525. https://doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v10i2.28600

Dede, C. (2014). The role of digital technologies in deeper learning. Jobs for the Future. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED561254.pdf

Fullan, M., Quinn, J., & McEachen, J. (2017). Deep learning: Engage the world, change the world. Corwin.

Hamma, S. I., Nappu, S., & Akib, E. (2023). Assessing students’ higher-order thinking skills in reading comprehension. IDEAS: Journal on English Language Teaching and Learning, Linguistics and Literature, 11(2). https://doi.org/10.24256/ideas.v11i2.4182

Hooshyar, D., Pedaste, M., Yang, Y., Zhang, Y., Wang, M., Lim, H., & Delev, D. (2023). Learning analytics in supporting student agency: A systematic review. Sustainability, 15(18), 13662. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151813662

Indriyana, B. S., & Kuswandono, P. (2019). Developing students’ higher order thinking skills (HOTS) in reading: English teachers’ strategies in selected junior high schools. Journal of English Teaching, 5(3), 204–216. https://doi.org/10.33541/jet.v5i3.1313

Kamaruddin, A., Patmasari, A., Agussatriana, A., Whanchit, W., Suriaman, A., & Nadrun, N. (2023). The effect of inquiry-based learning model on EFL students’ critical thinking skills. KEMBARA: Jurnal Keilmuan Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya, 9(1), 15–23. https://doi.org/10.22219/kembara.v9i1.22766

Khonamri, F., Azizi, M., & Králik, R. (2020). Using interactive e-based flipped learning to enhance EFL students’ critical reading. Science for Education Today, 10(1), 25–42. https://doi.org/10.15293/2658-6762.2001.02

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2018). The future of education and skills: Education 2030. OECD Publishing. https://www.oecd.org/education/2030-project/

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2019). OECD Learning Compass 2030: A series of concept notes. OECD Publishing. https://www.oecd.org/education/2030-project/

Pusat Asesmen Pendidikan. (2025). Tes Kemampuan Akademik (TKA). Kementerian Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah Republik Indonesia. https://pusmendik.kemendikdasmen.go.id/tka/

Santosa, M. H., Putra, I. B. Y. B. S., & Pratiwi, N. P. A. (2024). EFL students’ online learning readiness: Performing out the basic functions of technology. Pedagogy: Journal of English Language Teaching, 12(1), 59–80. https://doi.org/10.32332/joelt.v12i1.3590

Sari, D. M. M., & Prasetyo, Y. (2021). Project-based learning on critical reading course to enhance critical thinking skills. Studies in English Language and Education, 8(2), 442–456. https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v8i2.18407

Silalahi, D. E., Herman, H., Sihombing, P. S. R., Damanik, A. S., & Purba, L. (2022). An analysis of students’ achievement in reading comprehension through higher order thinking skills (HOTS). Al-Ishlah: Jurnal Pendidikan, 14(2), 1853–1868. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v14i2.1249

Song, X., Razali, A. B., & Jeyaraj, J. J. (2025). How project-based learning improves college EFL learners’ critical thinking skills and reading comprehension ability: A case study. Language Teaching Research. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1177/13621688251352275

Timotheou, S., Miliou, O., Dimitriadis, Y., Villagrá-Sobrino, S. L., Giannoutsou, N., Cachia, R., Monés, A. M., & Ioannou, A. (2022). Impacts of digital technologies on education and factors influencing schools’ digital capacity and transformation: A literature review. Education and Information Technologies, 28(6), 6695–6726. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11431-8

UNESCO. (2021). Reimagining our futures together: A new social contract for education. UNESCO. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000379707

Wale, B. D., & Bishaw, K. S. (2020). Effects of using inquiry-based learning on EFL students’ critical thinking skills. Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education, 5(1), Article 9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40862-020-00090-2

Wang, C., Chen, X., Yu, T., Liu, Y., & Jing, Y. (2024). Education reform and change driven by digital technology: A bibliometric study from a global perspective. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 11, Article 256. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-024-02717-y

Wingate, U. (2018). Academic literacy across the curriculum: Towards a collaborative instructional approach. Language Teaching, 51(3), 349–364. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261444816000264

Wiyaka, W., Prastikawati, E. F., & Adi, A. B. P. K. (2020). Higher-order thinking skills (HOTS)-based formative assessment: A proposed model for language learning assessment. Vision: Journal for Language and Foreign Language Learning, 9(2), 115–130. https://doi.org/10.21580/vjv9i25859

Downloads

Published

2026-07-16

How to Cite

Deep Learning in Indonesian EFL Classrooms: Supporting Students’ Readiness for the English TKA. (2026). Conference on English Language Teaching, 6(1), 13-26. https://doi.org/10.24090/16kqee81